Marine biologists from the Tropical Marine Science Institute (TMSI) at the National University of Singapore have achieved a historic breakthrough by rearing the endangered tiger cowrie (Cypraea tigris) to adulthood for the first time. This accomplishment, detailed in a study published in Molluscan Research, marks a significant advancement in efforts to conserve this vulnerable species.

The research team, led by Ms. Teresa Tay, faced many obstacles, including a high death rate among larvae due to algae growth. After 25 unsuccessful attempts, the team succeeded with the 26th batch, with eight juveniles reaching adulthood. Their research revealed that using finer-filtered seawater and antibiotics significantly reduced algae, enabling healthier development of the larvae.

The tiger cowrie, known for its striking shell, has suffered from overharvesting by collectors and aquarium hobbyists, contributing to its decline in Singapore waters. Additionally, habitat loss and destructive fishing methods have severely impacted the coral reefs that support these snails.

The successful breeding of tiger cowries presents new opportunities for conservation and sustainable practices in the aquarium trade. Dr. Jani Tanzil, a senior research fellow at TMSI, noted that captive-bred specimens could help alleviate the demand for wild-caught snails. While the initial cost for these bred cowries may be higher, improvements in breeding techniques could help narrow the price differences.

Sunbeam Aquarium, a local exporter, recognizes the market potential for captive-bred tiger cowries, emphasizing that environmentally conscious consumers are prepared to pay a premium for products that reduce ecological impact. This achievement showcases the resilience and creativity of marine biologists and provides hope for the future of the tiger cowrie and other endangered marine species.